德威惟畏，德明惟明。

PART 2

ARBITRATION AGREEMENT

第二節 仲裁協議

Definition and form of arbitration agreement

仲裁協議的定義和形式

4.—(1) In this Act, “arbitration agreement” means an agreement by the parties to submit to arbitration all or certain disputes which have arisen or which may arise between them in respect of a defined legal relationship, whether contractual or not.

在本法中，“仲裁協議”是指由雙方當事人訂立的協議，約定將它們之間已經發生或可能發生的關涉某一確定法律關係（不論是否屬於契約關係）的全部或某些爭議提交仲裁。

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(2) An arbitration agreement may be in the form of an arbitration clause in a contract or in the form of a separate agreement.

仲裁協議的形式可以是合同中的一個仲裁條款或者是一份單獨的協議。

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(3) An arbitration agreement must be in writing.

仲裁協議必須為書面形式。

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(4) An arbitration agreement is in writing if its content is recorded in any form, whether or not the arbitration agreement or contract has been concluded orally, by conduct or by other means.

無論是否已經採用口頭、行為抑或其他方式訂立仲裁協議或契約，只要以某種形式將該仲裁協議的內容記錄下來，則該仲裁協議即為書面形式。

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(5) The requirement that an arbitration agreement must be in writing is satisfied by an electronic communication if the information contained in the electronic communication is accessible so as to be useable for subsequent reference.

如果電子通信中記載的資訊能夠存取，可供事後參閱，則該電子通信符合仲裁協議須為書面形式之要求。

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(6) Where in any arbitral or legal proceedings, a party asserts the existence of an arbitration agreement in a pleading, statement of case or any other document in circumstances in which the assertion calls for a reply and the assertion is not denied, there is deemed to be an effective arbitration agreement as between the parties to the proceedings.

凡在任何仲裁程序或法律程序中，一方當事人在狀書、案情陳述或其他文書中聲稱存在仲裁協議，在此情況下，應對該項主張作出答覆，且該項主張未被否定，則視為前述程序的雙方當事人之間存在有效的仲裁協議。

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【關鍵字匯】

the assertion calls for a reply 應對該項主張作出答覆

參見Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 對call for的解釋：to need or deserve a particular type of behaviour or treatment

(https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/call-for#call-for__5)

(7) A reference in a contract to any document containing an arbitration clause is to constitute an arbitration agreement in writing if the reference is such as to make that clause part of the contract.

凡契約中提述的文件載有仲裁條款，並且通過提述這份文件使該仲裁條款成為契約的組成部分，則該提述足以構成書面仲裁協議。

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(8) A reference in a bill of lading to a charterparty or other document containing an arbitration clause is to constitute an arbitration agreement in writing if the reference is such as to make that clause part of the bill of lading.

如果提單中提述的租船合約或其他文件載有仲裁條款，並且通過提述這份租船合約或其他文件使該仲裁條款成為提單的組成部分，則該提述足以構成書面仲裁協議。

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(9) In this section —在本條中：

“data message” means information generated, sent, received or stored by electronic, magnetic, optical or similar means, including, but not limited to, electronic data interchange (EDI), electronic mail, telegram, telex or telecopy;

“數據電文”是指採用電子手段、磁力手段、光學手段或類似的手段生成、發送、接收或儲存的資訊，這些手段包括（但是不限於）電子數據交換（EDI）、電子郵件、電報、電傳或傳真印件；

“electronic communication” means any communication that the parties make by means of data messages.

“電子通信”是指雙方當事人藉數據電文方法製作的通信。

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Arbitration agreement not to be discharged by death of party

仲裁協議不因當事人亡故而解除

5.—(1) An arbitration agreement is not discharged by the death of any party to the agreement but continues to be enforceable by or against the personal representative of the deceased party.

仲裁協議不因其任何當事人亡故而被解除，可由死者的遺產代理人繼續執行或者可針對該遺產代理人繼續執行。

【關鍵字匯】

discharge是多義詞，需要根據文意判斷其涵義。此處是指免除義務的履行。它也有履行義務的意思，如在下文第59條中，discharge or purported discharge of that function 就是執行職能的意思。

注意personal representative在例句中的意思不是“個人代表”，而是“遺產代理人”。參見《元照英美法詞典》：personal representative 遺產代理人

一般指遺囑執行人和遺產管理人。有時也指繼承人、最近親屬、破產管理人、受託人等。

personal representative並非一定譯作“遺產代理人”。可以將它譯作“個人代表”，但是要注意使用的語境 ，而且注意給使用的詞語作出定義。

另外，原文使用兩個介詞“by or against”表示不同的法律關係，中文需要使用兩句話。我們在學習法律英語過程中會注意到有時候法律英語除了繁複的一面，也有其簡潔的一面，這是我們在今後工作中可以用到的地方。

(2) The authority of an arbitrator is not revoked by the death of any party by whom the arbitrator was appointed.

仲裁員的權力不因委任該仲裁員的當事人亡故而被撤銷。

【關鍵字匯】

參見《元照英美法詞典》的解釋：revoke  撤銷；撤回；取消；使無效

(3) Nothing in this section affects the operation of any written law or rule of law by virtue of which any right of action is extinguished by the death of a person.

本條的內容不影響任何規定本人亡故即消滅訴訟權利的成文法律或法律準則的實施。

【要點解析】

by virtue of 由於；憑藉

參見Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English的解釋：by means of, or as a result of something

(https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/by-virtue-of-something)

by virtue of 與關係代詞which在定語從句“any right of action is extinguished by the death of a person”中充當狀語，表示方式。關係代詞which 指代any written law or rule of law。根據文意，依據這樣的成文法或法律準則，人去世，訴權即告終絕。譯文對此作了意譯處理。

根據《元照英美法詞典》的解釋，right of action是訴訟權利，也就是提起訴訟的權利。have a right of action against somebody就是有權針對某人提起訴訟。

extinguish a right表示終絕某項權利，使某項權利喪失。參見《布萊克法律詞典》的解釋：extinguishment.  The cessation or cancellation of some right or interest. For example, the extinguishment of a legacy occurs when the item bequeathed no longer exists or no longer belongs to the testator’s estate. 以遺贈消滅為例，當遺贈物不復存在或者不再屬於立遺囑人的遺產，受遺贈權即告消滅。