黃裳元吉，文在中也。

PART 4

COMMENCEMENT OF ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS

第四節 仲裁程序的展開

[12/2012]

Commencement of arbitral proceedings

仲裁程序的展開

9. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the arbitral proceedings in respect of a particular dispute commence on the date on which a request for that dispute to be referred to arbitration is received by the respondent.  

除非雙方當事人另有約定，特定爭議的仲裁程序從被申請人收到將該爭議提交仲裁的請求之日開始。

[12/2012]

Powers of Court to extend time for beginning of arbitral proceedings

高等法院有權順延仲裁程序開始之時間

10.—(1) Where the terms of an arbitration agreement to refer future disputes to arbitration provide that a claim to which the arbitration agreement applies is barred unless —

(a) some step has been taken to begin other dispute resolution procedures which must be exhausted before arbitral proceedings can be begun;

(b) notice to appoint an arbitrator is given;

(c) an arbitrator is appointed; or  

(d) some other step is taken to commence arbitral proceedings,  

within a time fixed by the agreement and a dispute to which the agreement applies has arisen, the Court may, if it is of the opinion that in the circumstances of the case undue hardship would otherwise be caused, extend the time for such period and on such terms as the Court thinks fit.  

[12/2012]

【要點解析】

由於原文語法結構比較複雜，加之法律條文的特殊行文安排，為使譯文通順，必須根據文意調整原文的語序。

這個條文是比較複雜的主從複合句。關係副詞where引導表示原因的狀語從句很长，直到a dispute to which the agreement applies has arisen結束。其中時間狀語within a time fixed by the agreement後面，並列連詞and引導的a dispute to which the agreement applies has arisen與它構成並列句。

主句是the Court may, if it is of the opinion that in the circumstances of the case undue hardship would otherwise be caused, extend the time for such period and on such terms as the Court thinks fit。主句的主语是the Court。謂語是情態動詞may與條件從句隔開的實義動詞extend構成的複合謂語。the time是賓語。時間狀語和方式狀語都使用了such…as句型。

連詞if引導條件從句if it is of the opinion that in the circumstances of the case undue hardship would otherwise be caused。根據文意，其中的副詞otherwise意思是“You use otherwise after stating a situation or fact, in order to say what the result or consequence would be if this situation or fact was not the case. ”表示假如未發生某一情況或事實，則會發生什麼樣的結果。參見《科林斯詞典》的解釋：

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/otherwise

關係副詞where引導的狀語從句的主語是the terms of an arbitration agreement，不定式to refer future disputes to arbitration作為定語，修飾這個主語，表示主語的內容。

謂語provide意思是規定，為使譯文通順，可將不定式定語轉化為主謂賓結構，謂語provide和賓語作為另一個主謂賓結構。因為兩個主謂賓結構都是說明仲裁協定的條款規定了什麼樣的內容，這樣處理會讓譯文比較通順。

狀語從句的謂語provide後面是連詞that引導的賓語從句。這個賓語從句又是主從複合條件句構成的。主句是a claim to which the arbitration agreement applies is barred。從句是連詞unless和下面(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)四項及時間狀語within a time fixed by the agreement構成。

10.—(1) 凡仲裁協議的條款規定將今後發生的爭議提交仲裁，該條款還規定除非在仲裁協議確定的時間內滿足以下條件，否則不得提出適用仲裁協議的權利請求：

(a) 已經採取某種措施開始其他爭議解決程序，只有用盡這些爭議解決程序之後方可開始仲裁程序；

(b) 發出委任仲裁員的通知；

(c) 委任仲裁員；或者

(d) 採取其他措施開始仲裁程序。

那麼在已經發生適用該仲裁協議的爭議的情況下，假如高等法院認為根據案件的具體情形，若不順延仲裁程序的開始時間，將會導致過度的困難，則高等法院可以按照它認為合適的條件將仲裁程序開始之時間順延它認為合適的期間。

(2) An order of extension of time made by the Court under subsection (1)—

(a) may be made only after any available arbitral process for obtaining an extension of time has been exhausted;  

(b) may be made even though the time so fixed has expired; and  

(c) does not affect the operation of section 9 or 11 or any other written law relating to the limitation of actions.  

【要點解析】

句子的主幹An order of extension of time made by the Court under subsection (1)其實是下麵(a)、(b)、(c)項的主語，又因為中英文表述方式不同，主語在譯文中不能像原文那樣保持語序，所以譯文須做處理，下面是兩種處理思路。

(2)

(a) 在可供利用的爭取順延時間的仲裁程序已被用盡之後，高等法院方可根據本條第(1)款簽發順延時間的命令；

(b) 即使根據仲裁協議確定的時間已經屆滿，高等法院亦可根據本條第(1)款簽發順延時間的命令；而且

(c) 高等法院根據本條第(1)款簽發順延時間的命令不影響第9條或第11條或與訴訟時效有關的任何其他成文法律之施行。

(2) 高等法院有權根據本條第(1)款簽發順延時間的命令

(a) 在可供利用的爭取順延時間的仲裁程序已被用盡之後，高等法院方可簽發此項命令；

(b) 即使根據仲裁協議確定的時間已經屆滿，高等法院亦可簽發此項命令；而且

(c) 高等法院簽發此項命令不影響第9條或第11條或與訴訟時效有關的任何其他成文法律之施行。

Application of Limitation Act 1959 and Foreign Limitation Periods Act 2012適用《1959年時效法》和《2012年涉外時效期限法》

11.—(1) The Limitation Act 1959 and the Foreign Limitation Periods Act 2012 apply to arbitral proceedings as they apply to proceedings before any court and any reference in both Acts to the commencement of proceedings is to be construed as a reference to the commencement of arbitral proceedings.  

《1959年時效法》和《2012年涉外時效期限法》適用於仲裁程序猶如其適用於法院審理的法律程序；這兩部法律中凡提述展開法律程序，應被解釋為展開仲裁程序。

[13/2012]

(2) The Court may order that in computing the time prescribed by the Limitation Act 1959 or the Foreign Limitation Periods Act 2012 for the commencement of proceedings (including arbitral proceedings) in respect of a dispute which was the subject matter of —

(a) an award which the Court orders to be set aside or declares to be of no effect; or  

(b) the affected part of an award which the Court orders to be set aside in part or declares to be in part of no effect,  

the period between the commencement of the arbitration and the date of the order referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) is to be excluded.

[13/2012]

【要點解析】

原文的狀語很長，從in computing the time開始直至下面(a)項和(b)項結束，其中又包含過去分詞prescribed構成的定語，還有(a)項和(b)項構成的定語從句。根據文意，可將原文的狀語部分內容在譯文中改為條件狀語從句。

(2)如果糾紛屬於以下(a)項或(b)項之標的事項，高等法院可以指令在計算《1959年時效法》或《2012年涉外時效期限法》所規定的與該糾紛有關的法律程序（包括仲裁程序在內）的展開時間時，在展開仲裁與(a)項或(b)項提到的裁定日期之間的期間不計算在內：

(a) 被高等法院裁定撤銷或宣告無效的仲裁裁決；或者

(b) 被高等法院裁定部分撤銷或宣告部分無效的仲裁裁決的所涉部分。

(3) Despite any term in an arbitration agreement to the effect that no cause of action is to accrue in respect of any matter required by the agreement to be referred until an award is made under the agreement, the cause of action is deemed, for the purposes of the Limitation Act 1959 and the Foreign Limitation Periods Act 2012, to have accrued in respect of any such matter at the time when it would have accrued but for that term in the agreement.  

【要點解析】

but for表示“若無……則本應……”，語句應當使用虛擬時態。參見Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English的解釋：used when you are saying that something would have happened if something or someone else had not prevented it

(https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/but-for)

即便仲裁協議的條款表示對於仲裁協議要求提交仲裁的事項在根據仲裁協議作出裁決後方產生訴因，但為施行《1959年時效法》和《2012年涉外時效期限法》起見，視為若仲裁協議無上述條款本應產生訴因的時候便已產生了關於上述事項的訴因。

[13/2012]