法律英语词汇
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单词:subrogate [ˈsʌbrəˌɡeit] v.t. to substitute (a person) for another regarding a legal right or claim 取代,代位
subrogation [ˌsʌbrəˈɡeiʃən] n[U] 代位。指由一人取代另一人的地位而对第三人依法请求给付或主张权利、要求补救或担保等。在债权债务关系中,若某人代为偿付债务,则其取代债权人的地位,可以对债务人行使债权人的一切权利,与其未代为偿付时原债权人对债务人的权利相同。代位通常发生于建筑合同、保险合同、保证以及流通票据法中。保险中的代位,如某人已投保的船舶因他人过错而致撞毁,则其可从保险人处取得保险金而恢复船舶价值,从而由保险人代位行使船舶所有权人的权利,以向造成船舶毁损者提起诉讼。代位是衡平法上的一种制度设计,以使债或义务能最终清偿,而又使偿付债务者不致显失公平。代位分为两种,即协商代位(或称合同代位)〔conventional subrogation〕与法定代位〔legal subrogation〕,前者是通过债权人与第三人的行为而明示的代位,后者则是由于法律实施而产生的代位或默示的代位,例如保证人的代位。 (《元照英美法词典》)
subrogee [ˌsʌbrəˈdʒi:] 代位人;代位权人。指因代位而获得他人权利之人。例如,保险人在支付保险赔偿金后通常就成为代位人,从而有权对侵权人提起诉讼。又如保证人在向债权人清偿债务后亦成为代位人,取代债权人得以向债务人主张权利。
subrogor [ˌsʌbrəˈɡɔ:] 被代位人。与代位人相对,指因代位而致其自身的权利被他人获得的人。例如,保证合同中的债权人。
索引词:subrogate
例文:[例4]
The policy will be endorsed to waive the insurer's subrogation rights against AAA. 通过签发保险单批单,放弃针对AAA的保险人代位求偿权。
[例5]
Unless otherwise agreed by the Bank in writing, the Provider of Facility may only assign its rights under this Individual Letter Agreement to (insert name of relevant Export Credit Agency). Following such assignment Export Credit Agency will be subrogated to the Provider of Facility and will have the same rights towards the Bank as if Export Credit Agency was the Provider of Facility. 除非银行以书面形式另行同意,贷款提供人只能将自己在本《单项信用证协议》项下的权利转让给(填入相关出口信贷机构的名称)。在转让之后,出口信贷机构将取代贷款提供人并对银行享有相同的权利,犹如出口信贷机构就是贷款提供人。
[例6]
Until all the Liabilities have been irrevocably paid in full and all facilities which might give rise to Liabilities have terminated and unless the Lender otherwise directs, the Mortgagor will not exercise any rights which it may have by reason of performance by it of its obligations under the Finance Documents:
(a) to take the benefit (in whole or in part and whether by way of subrogation or otherwise) of any rights of the Lender under the Finance Documents or of any guarantee or other security taken pursuant to, or in connection with, the Finance Documents.
直至所有债务均已不可撤销地足额偿还,所有可能产生债务的贷款已经终止,而且除非贷款人另有指示,抵押人不得行使抵押人通过履行融资文件所规定的义务而享有的任何下列权利:
(a) 受益于(全部或部分,无论以代位抑或其他方式)贷款人依据融资文件所享有的权利或者依据融资文件设定的保证或者其他担保。
[例7]
If such Party obtains other insurance, such insurance shall contain a waiver of subrogation in favor of all the other Participating Investors and/or ABC, as the case may be, Operator and their insurers but only in respect of their interests under the Association Agreement and this Operating Agreement. 如果非分红当事人获得其他保险,该保险应当包含有利于所有其他分红投资人和/或ABC,而且根据具体情况,有利于运营人和它们的保险人的放弃代位求偿权证明,但是放弃代位求偿权证明仅关涉它们在《联营协议》和本《运营协议》项下的权益。